Scientific Program

Conference Series Ltd invites all the participants across the globe to attend 17th International Conference on Nephrology & Urology London , UK.

Day 2 :

Conference Series Nephrology Urology 2018 International Conference Keynote Speaker Riitta Lassila photo
Biography:

Riitta Lassila has completed her MD in 1983 from Helsinki University, PhD in 1989, and postdoctoral studies at Mount Sinai University School of Medicine in N.Y. She is an internist and the Head of Coagulation Disorders Unit in Helsinki University Hospital since 2000 and Professor of Coagulation Medicine in Helsinki University since 2013. She has published more than 220 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has served as editor in Thrombosis Research and editorial board member of Haemophilia. She is the secretary of European Association of Haemophilia and Allied Disorders and steering committee member of EUHANET and EUHASS.       She is CSO in Aplagon Oy developing APACs as pharamceutical entities.

Abstract:

 APACs are unique dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant molecules, which mimic the vascular tissue residing mast cell heparin proteoglycans. Platelet activation and interaction with vascular wall with ensuing coagulation are important pathogenic mechanisms underlying various diseases, including kidney disease. We have shown that in ANCA-vasculitis kidney function is associated with strong coagulation activity during the acute phase, and that vascular access problems are prevalent in dialysis patients with coagulation abnormalities or thrombophilias. We have studied our potent, naturally occurring, locally acting antithrombotic in prevention of ischemic short- and long-term reversible or irreversible kidney injuries.

APACs show strong inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation and procoagulant activity in association with vascular damage. In various animal models we have shown that APAC is able to target vascular injury site from the circulation and upon local application, having a long vascular retention time. Being  highly negatively charged large molecules (MW 200-400 kDa) APACs interact avidly with vascular von Willebrand factor, laminin and collagen, whereas PECAM and podocalyxin positive vascular sites fail to colocalize with APAC. When infused intravenously 10 min prior to arterial clamping APAC protected kidneys from ischemic reperfusion injury, assessed both by clinical and laboratory or pathology findings. Intriguingly, in severe irreversible injury of 60 min ischemia time, APAC provided renoprotection. We are currently working with a diabetic nephropathy mouse model to study the possible role of APAC in the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and kidney damage. 

Keynote Forum

Afshar Zomorrodi

Imam Reza Hospital-Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Keynote: Does early removal of foley cather have any influence on infection of recipient post renal transplantation? Is it safe? A clinical trial study

Time : 10:40-11:20

Conference Series Nephrology Urology 2018 International Conference Keynote Speaker Afshar Zomorrodi photo
Biography:

Afshar Zomorrodi is a Professor of Urology and Kidney Transplant Surgeon, Chief of Organ Transplant Department of Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz Medical Science
University, Tabriz-Iran. He completed his education in Tehran University (1974-1981), Tehran, Iran, and MD degree during 1986-1990. He gained a Fellowship in Kidney
Transplantation during 1992-1994 from Tabriz Medical Science University, Tabriz, Iran. He gained an Observership in Kidney Transplant and Pediatric Urology, Sickkid’s
Hospital, Toronto, Canada in 2001.

Abstract:

Introduction: Kidney transplant is a fair option for treatment of a chronic renal failure, although the outcome and results of
kidney transplant are good, but it may be associated with some complications. One of the important complications is urinary
infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of early removing of the catheter in renal transplant patients on the
reduction of urinary tract infections.
Materials & Methods: This study was conducted as a clinical trial. 88 transplanted patients were enrolled and randomly divided
into two groups. In the first group, the catheter of patients was taken 3 days after the transplant, and in the second group, the
catheter of patients were removed 7 days after the transplantation. Urine culture was performed on two occasions. Then, the
patient data entered the SPSS v20 statistical analysis program and analyzed the data.
Results: In this study, 25 patients (56.8%) were male in the first group and the mean age of the patients was 43.52±13.6 years.
In the second group, 25 patients (56.8%) were female and the mean age of the patients was 43.20±14.39 years. After examining
patients' urine tests and analyzing data with T test, the incidence of infection on the day after catheter exits (P=0.000) and 7 days
after the expulsion of the catheter (P=0.009) in the patients in the first group (three days). It was significantly less than the second
group.
Conclusion: Early removal of catheter has fundamental effects on UTI post kidney transplant and it seems that early removal of
urethral catheter may be safe and reasonable in renal transplant of the recipient patient.

  • Nephrology | Dialysis | Kidney Transplantation | Urology | Pediatric Nephrology

Session Introduction

Suresh Mathew

Christian Hospital, USA

Title: Vascular calcification: An imminent disease epidemic

Time : 12:20-12:50

Speaker
Biography:

Suresh Mathew obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Biochemistry and his Medical degree at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. After completing his
Residency in Internal Medicine at Temple University, he obtained his fellowship in Nephrology at the Johns Hopkins University. He worked as Assistant Professor
of Nephrology at Cooper University Hospital Camden, New Jersey. Later he joined in Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri to do his
research in vascular calcification which led to several publications. Currently he works as a Nephrologist at Christian Hospital which is a part of BJC Health Care.
He is a Member of the American Society of Nephrology and is Board Certified in Internal Medicine and Nephrology. He also serves as Medical Director for one of
the DaVita dialysis facility.

Abstract:

Vascular calcification reduces vessel elasticity. The consequence of this leads to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
The extent of calcium deposits in vessel walls are key risk factors for ischemic events. The best studied is coronary artery
calcification because of CT based imaging modalities. Coronary artery calcification is markedly increased in patients with
chronic kidney disease. Research has shown vascular calcification is an active and complex process that involves numerous
mechanisms responsible for calcium deposition in arterial walls. Indeed, the majority of vascular calcification is thought to
be de-differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells to osteoblast/chondrocyte like cells. The pathology, molecular biology,
potential mechanism and the latest therapeutic options will be discussed.

Speaker
Biography:

Laura Lunardi is a highly qualified health practitioner with 20 years of consolidated experience working predominantly with renal patients in Public and Private Health Sector in Australia and Argentina. She has proven ability and experience in clinical assessment, management and treatment of renal diseases, including different modalities of dialysis and conservative management for patients with ESKD.

Laura works currently as a Nephrology Nurse Practitioner Candidate subspecialised in Renal Supportive care at Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service in South Australia.

In 1996 she completed the Bachelor Degree in Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina, and become Nephrologist and Specialist in General Medicine in 2002.

In 2006, she moved permanently to Australia where she completed the Bachelor of Nursing, Renal Certificate and Master in Clinical Nursing in 2015. In 2017 she is completing the requirements for Nephrology Nurse Practitioner and will apply for Nurse Practitioner Registration in 2018. 

Abstract:

A Renal Supportive Care Nurse Practitioner (NP) role was created in Adelaide, Australia in October 2014. The integration of the role has brought with it service-wide changes in clinical practice and culture within our unit.  There is now a closer integration with the local palliative care team, a greater emphasis on quality of life and active management of symptoms with more informed choices and care planning now available. This paper aims to describe the role of the NP in Renal Supportive Care (RSC) as it has emerged in South Australia.  It also identifies barriers and strategies used by the RSC NP to enhance appropriate decision-making and conservative care for patients facing End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD).   Differing models of RSC are emerging across Australasia. The strengths and weaknesses of the South Australia approach will be elucidated as will the challenges facing RSC in the future. The transformative effects of the role will be explored, and key enablers for success identified.  The full integration of a meaningful supportive care pathway for patients facing ESKD involves more than fine words and good intentions. It requires significant leadership, considerable resources and service-wide cultural, and clinical practice changes. The emergence of RSC is the key to a comprehensive renal service, demonstrating maturation of our shared aspirations in providing: interdisciplinary care that fine-tunes the balance between organ-based and whole-of-person care, engagement in full and open decision-making support with people facing renal treatment options and recognising and respecting the natural endpoint of an end-stage disease process.

Speaker
Biography:

Md. Abdul Masum has completed his MS degree at the age of 26 years from Bangladesh Agricultural University. He worked as assistant professor in the faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University. He has published more than 9 papers in reputed journals. Now he is Japan Govt. Scholar and doing his PhD course in Graduate School of Veterianry Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.

Abstract:

Renal vasculatures have important roles in both homeostasis and pathology as kidney is a highly vascular organ. This study examined the pathological correlation between local capillary and lesion in respective area in the mouse kidneys. The glomerular lesions (GLs) of six-months old autoimmune disease-prone BXSB/MpJ-Yaa (Yaa) mice and tubulointerstitial lesions (TILs) of nine-weeks old C57BL/6 (B6) mice treated by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) for 7 days were focused in this study. Collected kidneys were examined by histopathological and electronmicroscopic techniques. Yaa mice developed severe autoimmune glomerulonephritis, and the number of  capillary positive for CD34 was significantly decreased in GLs rather than TILs compared with healthy control mice. On the other hand, UUO-treated B6 mice showed severe TILs, and CD34-positive capillaries were significantly decreased in the TILs with the progression of fibrosis but not in glomerulus, compared with untreated kidneys. Infliltrated T-cells and macrophags were significantly increased in the kidneys of both disease models compared to respective controls (P < 0.05). Vascular corrosion cast examined under scanning electron microscopy revealed segmental absences of capillaries in GLs and TILs of Yaa and UUO-treated B6 mice, respectively. Peritubular capillary visualized by Microfil-rubber perfusion were also segmentally absent in UUO-treated B6 mice. Further, transmission electron microscopy revealed the alternations of capillary endothelium, such as thickened cytoplasm and detaching to capillary lumen. The number of CD34-positive glomerular capillary was negatively correlated with that of infiltrated T-cells, injured renal tubules, podocytes, and total glomerular cells and size in Yaa (P < 0.05). In UUO-treated mice, the number of CD34-positive peritubular capillary negatively correlated with that of all examined histopathological parameters for inflammation and fibrosis in TILs (P < 0.01).  Inflammatory process would affect the quantity and/or functional phenotype of local renal capillary, resulting in the progression of lesions in respective area of kidneys.

Biography:

Saul Pampa-Saico is currently working as Nephrologist & Research Assistant in the Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. He has published more than 20 papers
in reputed journals.
 

Abstract:

Background: No clear consensus has been reached regarding the optimal time to remove peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC)
after kidney transplantation (KT). This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical outcomes and potential complications
associated with PDC left in place after KT.
Methods: Retrospective observational study conducted in a single peritoneal dialysis (PD) unit, which included all PD patients
who received a KT during 1995-2015. Main demographic and clinical parameters of prognostic interest were recorded and
used to analyze PD catheter related complications.
Results: 132 PD patients who received a KT (mean age 50±12 years, 69% male). Twenty patients were excluded from the study:
17 patients due to early removal of the PDC (12 had active infection of the exit site or surgical difficulties at the time of grafting
and 5 had surgical transplant complications in the early post-transplant period before hospital discharge) 3 patients who had
non-functioning KT and could return to PD. Of the remaining 112 (85%) patients with functioning KT were discharged with
their PDC left in place, and had it removed in a mean interval of 5±3 months from KT, after achieving optimal graft function.
During this follow-up period, 7 patients (6%) developed exit site infection and 2 cases (2%) peritonitis; all of them were
successfully treated.
Conclusion: Delayed PDC removal after KT is associated with low complication rates, although regular examination is needed
so that mild infections can be early detected, and therapy promptly instituted.

Khamisa Almokali

King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Title: Bladder augmentation and effect on renal function

Time : 15:20-15:50

Speaker
Biography:

Khamisa Almokali is a pediatric nephrologist consultant working in king Abdullah specialized children hospital, Riyadh. She did her MD at King Saud University. And pediatric residency programme at king Abdulaziz medical city, Riyadh. Then she did her fellowship at Sick Kid Hospital, Toronto, Canada. And currently she is working as consultant pediatric nephrologiast as well she is the program director of the pediatric nephrology fellowship

Abstract:

Bladder augmentation it is a surgical procedure done when the bladder loses its function and become contracted, spastic and lead to leakage. It is an effective method by which we can increase bladder capacity and reducing pressure on the urinary system.  

 Bladder augmentation is used in an attempt to preserve and improve renal function. In spite of this, There is a lot of controversy regarding wither this procedure is suitable to maintain kidney function or might increase the risk of hasten the renal deterioration to end stage renal failure 

Speaker
Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction:

Kidney transplant is a fair option for treatment of a chronic renal failure, although the outcome and results of kidney transplant are good but it may be associated with some complications. One of the important complications is urinary infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of early removing of the catheter in renal transplant patients on the reduction of urinary tract infections.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted as a clinical trial. 88 transplanted patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, the Catheter of patients were taken 3 days after the transplant, and in the second group, the catheter of  patients were removed 7 days after the transplantation. Urine culture was performed on two occasions. Then, the patient data entered the SPSS v20 statistical analysis program and analyzed the data.

Results:

In this study, 25 patients (56.8%) were male in the first group and the mean age of the patients was 43.52 ± 13.6 years. In the second group, 25 patients (56.8%) were female and the mean age of the patients was 43.20 ± 14.39 years. After examining patients' urine tests and analyzing data with T test, the incidence of infection on the day after catheter exits (P = 0.000) and 7 days after the expulsion of the catheter (P = 0.009) in the patients in the first group (three days) It was significantly less than the second group.

Conclusion:

Early removal of Catheter has fundamental effects on UTI post kidney transplant and it seems that early removal of urethral catheter may be safe and reasonable in renal transplant of the recipient patient.

Keywords: Kidney transplant, Cather, Infection, UTI 

Speaker
Biography:

Andi Praja Wira Yudha Luthfi is a resident of Orthopaedic and Traumatology in University of Indonesia and Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital in Jakarta. This is his 3rd year of residency. The article he is about to present has already published in Journal of Medical Case Reports (2017)

Abstract:

Chronic renal failure is an important clinical problem with significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Thoracic spinal cord entrapment induced by a metabolic yield deposit in patients with renal failure results in intrusion of nervous tissue and consequently loss of motor and sensory function. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are immune naïve and they are able to differentiate into other phenotypes, including the neural lineage. Over the past decade, advances in the field of regenerative medicine allowed development of cell therapies suitable for kidney repair. Mesenchymal stem cell studies in animal models of chronic renal failure have uncovered a unique potential of these cells for improving function and regenerating the damaged kidney. We report a case of a 62-year-old ethnic Indonesian woman previously diagnosed as having thoracic spinal cord entrapment with paraplegic condition and chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. She had diabetes mellitus that affected her kidneys and had chronic renal failure for 2 years, with creatinine level of 11 mg/dl, and no urinating since then. She was treated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell implantation protocol. This protocol consists of implantation of 16 million human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells intrathecally and 16 million human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells intravenously. Three weeks after first intrathecal and intravenous implantation she could move her toes and her kidney improved. Her creatinine level decreased to 9 mg/dl. Now after 8 months she can raise her legs and her creatinine level is 2 mg/dl with normal urinating.

  • Chronic Kidney Diseases | Kidney Cancer | Kidney Diseases | Kidney Nutrition | Urinary Track Infections
Speaker
Biography:

Simon Allen has obtained his PhD in Medicine in 1978. For many years he was treating patients with chronic internal diseases, including various kidney problems:
nephritis, nephrosis, chronic kidney failure and kidney stones, developing diets for them. Later he headed health clinic for the treatment of chronic internal conditions.
Then, he devoted two decades to further medical research and developed Thermobalancing therapy® and Dr. Allen’s Devices for chronic internal diseases, which
received a patent in the USA, as “Therapeutic Device and Method”. He is Director of Fine Treatment, United Kingdom, which distributes these devices worldwide.

Abstract:

Allen’s therapeutic devices (DATD) that provides Thermobalancing therapy (TT) is a class 1 medical device, so it can be
used by everyone at home. 2 thermoelements in DATD accumulate the body heat and become a source of energy. The
application of these thermoelements to the back, to the projection of kidneys by DATD dissolves renal calculi gradually. This
method for treatment of chronic internal diseases was granted with the US patent as “Therapeutic Device and Method”. It
is a fact, confirmed by different clinical investigations that extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) have serious side
effects that can ended with the development of high blood pressure and diabetes. Kidney surgeries, even minimal invasive
percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) can develop severe complication, including secondary hypertension. The only way
to dissolve kidney stones without side effects is to use DATD. This new therapy is based on a new understanding of the
origin of diseases. According to TT, all chronic internal diseases have the same root, the pathological activity of capillaries.
These changes in the small blood vessels, the focus of hypothermia becomes a continuous trigger in the affected tissue, which
gradually increases the pressure in the affected organ that leads to its malfunction. The clinical investigations confirmed the
effectiveness of TT in 124 men with BPH and 45 men with chronic prostatitis. The collected data during the last decade has
shown that TT with DATD has dissolved any type and size of kidney stones in all users. People usually forget about kidney
stones within days. However, they should use DATD for several months, depending on the size of renal calculi. Thus, to avoid
secondary hypertension and diabetes people with kidney stone disease should use DATD as the first line treatment.

Speaker
Biography:

Nouman Khan has completed his MBBS from Khyber Medical college Peshawar and Fellowship in Urology from the College of Physicians and Surgeon Pakistan
(FCPS-Urology) in December 2015. He worked as Registrar Urology at North West General Hospital Peshawar for one year and later moved to Lahore city for
fellowship in Urological Oncology at Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital Lahore. He is currently working as a Fellow of Urological-Oncology at Shaukat Khanum
Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore. He has published 8 papers in Pakistani journals and 6 articles are ready for publication.

Abstract:

Background: Radical nephrectomy (RN) is a standard treatment of cure for non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma (NMRCC).
Long-term outcome data are limited for Pakistani population. Our aim was to assess the long-term outcomes of RCC (renal
cell carcinoma) treated with curative intent with radical nephrectomy (RN).
Objectives: To study the 5 and 10 years of outcomes in patients with NMRCC who underwent radical nephrectomy.
Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data between February 2006 and December 2016. We
included all the adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with NMRCC from both genders irrespective of their histologic subtypes who
underwent radical nephrectomy (RN) with a curative intent. The data were analyzed for overall survival and recurrence rates
at 5 and 10 years using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Multivariate analysis was done using Cox-regression to identify risk
factors associated with poor overall outcome in terms of recurrence and mortality.
Results: 344 patients with 195 (55.5%) males and 149 (44.2%) females with a mean age of 53.5±14.1 years were followed for a
mean follow-up of 31.1±26.77 months (range: 3–132 months), with 46 (13.4%) deaths. 49 (14.2%) cases had disease recurrence
with 33 (9.5%) deaths from disease progression. The five-year progression-free survival was 37% (95% CI: 49.04– 2.76) with
the median time to recurrence was 33 months (95% CI: 27.6–38.4) and the median overall survival was 103.7 months (95%
CI: 95.7–111.7). The five-year overall survival was 76.1% (95% CI: 75.2–77) while 10-year survival was 70.8%. There was a
significant median survival difference for cases with and without recurrence (log-rank χ2: 117.5, p<0.001) T stage, Fuhrman’s
grade, and early postoperative recurrence.
Conclusion: Radical nephrectomy offers the best survival for non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with excellent
postoperative survival and progression-free profile.

Speaker
Biography:

Diana Laila R has completed his PhD at the age of 30 years from Universiti Sains Malaysia. She is the head of department of pharmacist programme Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta. She has published more than 30 papers, 100 case reports either national, international and reputed journals. She has published 2 books about clinical pharmacy as internationally. She is the active member of pharmacy organization in Indonesia. She had experience as a speaker in national and international forum and 2 times got grants from Indonesian government for clinical pharmacy research

Abstract:

  Isolation and using special hemodialysis machine are not necessary for hemodialysis patients who has been infected by hepatitis C viral from the association of Nephrologist in Indonesia (Pernefri) recommendation meanwhile Ministry of Health Malaysia gives recommendation that hepatitis C patients will be dialyzed in a separate room or a separate area with a fixed partition and dedicated machines. To identify the correlation between the recommendation which had been followed by two hemodialysis centers in different countries and the impact of that to the hepatitis C infection issue. A cohort prospective and retrospective study was done in this research. The study included hemodialysis patients who had followed up for 9 months and who died in last 5 years. Universal sampling were used to select the inclusion criteria. There was a significance relationship between HCV first checked and HCV second checked among 9 months followed up hemodialysis patients in HD center Jakarta, Indonesia. The total number of patients who had hepatitis C in the second checked increased around 30% of total hemodialysed patients who infected HCV in the first check in this HD center. Besides, provide special hemodialysis rooms and machines for hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C, minimizing blood transfusion to the patients on hemodialysis is important to reduce the chance for the patients to get hepatitis C and to increase the percentage of the survival.

Keywords:    Hepatitis C, Hemodialysis, Indonesia, Malaysia

                                       

Ahmed A. Aly

University of Science, Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia

Title: Statins, beyond lipids in Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Speaker
Biography:

Mr. Ahmed A. Khamis is a clinical pharmacist and a medical educationist who believes that education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world, and who aspires to inspire before he expires. Mr. Ahmed got his Bachelor of Science degree in Pharmacy from Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt in 2007. To Improve his teaching skills, he earned a degree in medical education in 2012 which is the Joint Master of Health Professions Education (JMHPE) from Suez canal University, Egypt jointly with Maastricht university, Netherlands. Four years later he moved to Malaysia where he earned his second master degree but in clinical pharmacy this time in 2016 from Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM. A few months later, early 2017, he started his Ph.D. journey in clinical pharmacy from the same university, USM, and still ongoing. Mr. Ahmed Khamis possesses experience in community, clinical and academic pharmacy settings and institutions. Before pursuing his second master degree, he was a lecturer at the school of pharmaceutical sciences, Qassim university, KSA. In Qassim, Mr. Ahmed founded the medical education and e-learning units and headed the quality and accreditation department. He supervised the undergraduate pharm D curricular development and the implementation of team-based learning (TBL) teaching strategy in the school. Mr. Ahmed is an active member of many international professional clinical pharmacy and medical education organizations and has considerable publications in peer-reviewed journals. He is also open to collaboration in either research activities or training provision in the below mentioned aspects.

Abstract:

In the general population, beneficial effects of statin treatment on cardiovascular endpoints are well established. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a status of specific lipid disturbances, dyslipidemia with increased levels of triglycerides, small dense and oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and lower HDL cholesterol levels. In nephrotic syndrome, also total cholesterol and LDL levels are elevated. As patients with CKD and albuminuria have an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, they should be considered for statin therapy. Currently, however, only 25% of CKD patients are under continuous statin therapy. The indirect and direct effects of lipids on glomerular structure have been described in detail in animal models of renal damage,as well as in patients. Therefore, in theory, beneficial systemic and renal effects of lipid-lowering in CKD by statins could be expected. In fact, there are indeed well-proven general effects of statins in CKD patients, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.

 

In a post-hoc subgroup analysis of the CARE study, a randomized trial of pravastatin versus placebo in 4159 participants with previous myocardial infarction and total plasma cholesterol <240 mg/dL, a beneficial effect of statins on the loss of renal function in moderate CKD was found. Here, pravastatin reduced rates of renal loss to a greater extent in participants with than without proteinuria. A systematic meta-analysis found a small beneficial effect of statins on kidney function decline (particularly in patients with cardiovascular disease), and proteinuria.

The hereby analyzed studies, however, showed several limitations. Another meta-analysis using the data from randomized, placebo-controlled trials of statins reporting baseline and follow-up measurements of albuminuria or proteinuria found a reduction of albuminuria or proteinuria. A more recent meta-analysis also investigated the effects of statins in CKD patients and concluded with respect to potential renal effects: ‘Reno-protective effects of statins are uncertain because of relatively sparse data and possible outcomes reporting bias .

 

Speaker
Biography:

Hajira Iftikhar is currently an intercalating medical student between years 3 and 4 studying MRes Oncology at the University of Manchester. She undertook a 10-week research project on circadian rhythms as part of her third year and attained a distinction in the written report and presentation.

Abstract:

Kidney transplants are of the few types of operations that can occur at any time over 24 hours. This retrospective observational study explores the impact of circadian rhythms in generating rejection. Data from 974 transplants that occurred in one hospital unit between 2004 and 2014 was collected and time of organ reperfusion and presence of rejection was recorded. From these records, 89 were those that had inconclusive biopsy results and for these, hospital records were investigated to find the diagnosis. 43 of these patients were those of whom notes were not found and these patients were assumed to not have rejection. Statistical analysis using JTK_cycle and circwave was used to determine involvement of circadian rhythms in rejection and found that there was weak circadian contribution. This weak association is not sufficient to conclude that circadian involvement is important enough to be considered in clinical practise. Therefore, more research is required regarding circadian involvement and transplantation to determine whether these results are reliable. By determining the peak times of rejection, these operating times can be avoided or the patients could be primed to minimise rejection post-operatively.  Reliance on patient records may not be the best way to determine circadian involvement due to the heavy dependency on record keeping of other healthcare professionals.